Diagnostic tests and treatments

Investigations that may be recommended to obtain a diagnosis can include:

A pelvic examination in the clinic
Blood tests
CT scan
MRI scan
PET Scan
Ultrasound scan – this is a procedure which involves examining a part of the body with an ultrasound machine
Ultrasound scan with a biopsy – this is a procedure which involves examining a part of the body with an ultrasound machine and if a biopsy is required, a needle is inserted through the skin to take away a small amount of tissue
Hysteroscopy
Colposcopy – this is a procedure to find out whether there are abnormal cells on the cervix (neck of the womb). It is usually carried out if there has been an abnormal smear. A microscope (colposcope) with a strong light is used to look at the cervix. The colposcope doesn’t enter the vagina and remains outside the body. Different liquids are dabbed onto the cervix to help identify any areas of abnormal cells. If an abnormal area is found then a small sample of tissue (biopsy) will be taken from the surface of the cervix. A biopsy is about the size of a pinhead. It can cause slight stinging and it should not be painful. The procedure is usually carried out in the outpatient department, while you are awake
Examination Under Anaesthetic (EUA) – this is a day case operation where examination of the vagina, cervix and occasionally the bladder are carried out under a general anaesthetic . Biopsies may be taken from these areas

Once the diagnosis is known patients are seen in clinic by a gynaecology cancer specialist to provide information about the type of gynaecological cancer and potential treatment plan.